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I'm located in Arizona and this plant is outside all year...100F all summer and 35-45F in winter. I've had the plant for about 10 years.
I'm pretty sure that it is infested (again). It has been quarantined...25 feet from other plants

My questions:

Is this, in fact, a mealy infestation?

Can I save this plant or is it too far gone?

How best to attack the problem?

Thank you so much for the help.

It does looks like a bad mealy bugs infestation.
Most of the time I use insecticide sprays, sometime I use hydrogen peroxide or alcohol, but some people do not like to use chemicals, you can find different methods from the internet.
The plant will recover, but might have a bit of scar.
You might want to consider re-potting to avoid possibility of root mealy bugs in the soil.
Hope it helps!

Thank you. In the past I used alcohol but obviously I did not complete the job. However I did not repot the plant so that is something I should do,
Again, thank you.